次开前不圆唇元音是元音的一种,用于一些语言当中。在国际音标中以⟨æ⟩代表此音,X-SAMPA音标则是以⟨{⟩代表此音。英语里的cat的元音就是这个。吴语苏州方言的“逍遥”的韵母也是这个元音。另外,在汉语有些中原官话和冀鲁官话中,这个发音对应现代标准汉语的/an/,如“燕山”。
特征
- 其元音舌位是前,表示舌头会尽可能地朝向嘴巴前面,但不至于阻碍气流而被归类为子音。通常圆唇前元音的实际位置会比参考点的位置还要更靠近中央(称此过程为央化)。因此,前元音事实上常常是次前元音。
- 其圆唇度为不圆唇元音,嘴唇自然放松,不特别向前突起。
各语言比较表
注释
- ↑ Donaldson (1993:3页) harv error: no target: CITEREFDonaldson1993 (help)
- ↑ Holes (2004:60页) harv error: no target: CITEREFHoles2004 (help)
- ↑ Berta (1998:183页) harv error: no target: CITEREFBerta1998 (help)
- ↑ Bengali romanization table (PDF). Bahai Studies. Bahai Studies. [30 October 2020].
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Rafel (1999:14页) harv error: no target: CITEREFRafel1999 (help)
- ↑ Basbøll (2005:45页) harv error: no target: CITEREFBasbøll2005 (help)
- ↑ Basbøll (2005:32页) harv error: no target: CITEREFBasbøll2005 (help)
- ↑ Collins & Mees (2003:92, 129页) harv error: no target: CITEREFCollinsMees2003 (help)
- ↑ Collins & Mees (2003:92, 128–129, 131页) harv error: no target: CITEREFCollinsMees2003 (help)
- ↑ Gordon & Maclagan (2004:609页) harv error: no target: CITEREFGordonMaclagan2004 (help)
- ↑ Wells (1982:486页) harv error: no target: CITEREFWells1982 (help)
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 Gimson (2014:119–120页) harv error: no target: CITEREFGimson2014 (help)
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 Asu & Teras (2009:368页) harv error: no target: CITEREFAsuTeras2009 (help)
- ↑ Suomi, Toivanen & Ylitalo (2008:21页) harv error: no target: CITEREFSuomiToivanenYlitalo2008 (help)
- ↑ Collins & Mees (2013:226页) harv error: no target: CITEREFCollinsMees2013 (help)
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 Walker (1984:75页) harv error: no target: CITEREFWalker1984 (help)
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 Moosmüller, Schmid & Brandstätter (2015:342页) harv error: no target: CITEREFMoosmüllerSchmidBrandstätter2015 (help)
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 Dudenredaktion, Kleiner & Knöbl (2015:40页) harv error: no target: CITEREFDudenredaktionKleinerKnöbl2015 (help)
- ↑ 19.0 19.1 Dudenredaktion, Kleiner & Knöbl (2015:64页) harv error: no target: CITEREFDudenredaktionKleinerKnöbl2015 (help)
- ↑ Dudenredaktion, Kleiner & Knöbl (2015:65页) harv error: no target: CITEREFDudenredaktionKleinerKnöbl2015 (help)
- ↑ Dudenredaktion, Kleiner & Knöbl (2015:34, 64–65页) harv error: no target: CITEREFDudenredaktionKleinerKnöbl2015 (help)
- ↑ 22.0 22.1 22.2 Newton (1972:11页) harv error: no target: CITEREFNewton1972 (help)
- ↑ Revithiadou & Spyropoulos (2009:41页) harv error: no target: CITEREFRevithiadouSpyropoulos2009 (help)
- ↑ Szende (1994:92页) harv error: no target: CITEREFSzende1994 (help)
- ↑ François (2005:466页) harv error: no target: CITEREFFrançois2005 (help)
- ↑ 26.0 26.1 Gussenhoven & Aarts (1999:159页) harv error: no target: CITEREFGussenhovenAarts1999 (help)
- ↑ 27.0 27.1 Peters (2006:119页) harv error: no target: CITEREFPeters2006 (help)
- ↑ 28.0 28.1 Verhoeven (2007:221页) harv error: no target: CITEREFVerhoeven2007 (help)
- ↑ Gilles & Trouvain (2013:70页) harv error: no target: CITEREFGillesTrouvain2013 (help)
- ↑ Vanvik (1979:13页) harv error: no target: CITEREFVanvik1979 (help)
- ↑ Popperwell (2010:16, 21–22页) harv error: no target: CITEREFPopperwell2010 (help)
- ↑ Majidi & Ternes (1991)
- ↑ Campbell (1995) harv error: no target: CITEREFCampbell1995 (help)
- ↑ Portuguese: A Linguistic Introduction – by Milton M. Azevedo Page 186.
- ↑ Lista das marcas dialetais e ouros fenómenos de variação (fonética e fonológica) identificados nas amostras do Arquivo Dialetal do CLUP (葡萄牙语)
- ↑ Jones & Ward (1969:50页) harv error: no target: CITEREFJonesWard1969 (help)
- ↑ Yanushevskaya & Bunčić (2015:224–225页) harv error: no target: CITEREFYanushevskayaBunčić2015 (help)
- ↑ Perera & Jones (1919:5页) harv error: no target: CITEREFPereraJones1919 (help)
- ↑ Hanulíková & Hamann (2010:374页) harv error: no target: CITEREFHanulíkováHamann2010 (help)
- ↑ Eliasson (1986:273页) harv error: no target: CITEREFEliasson1986 (help)
- ↑ Thorén & Petterson (1992:15页) harv error: no target: CITEREFThorénPetterson1992 (help)
- ↑ 44.0 44.1 Riad (2014:38页) harv error: no target: CITEREFRiad2014 (help)
- ↑ 45.0 45.1 Göksel & Kerslake (2005:10页) harv error: no target: CITEREFGökselKerslake2005 (help)
外部链接
IPA主题
肺部气流音
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当符号成对出现时,左边的是清音,右边的是浊音。阴影区域表示被认为是不可能的发音。
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