壯傣語支

出自求聞百科
壯傣語支
地理分佈華南廣西貴州雲南廣東)、東南亞
譜系學分類壯侗語系
  • 臨高-壯語群
    • 壯傣語支
分支
邕南壯語大部與北方壯語布依語
其餘南方壯語與傣泰語言
語言代碼
ISO 639-2 / 5tai

壯傣語支(又稱傣語支台語支壯傣語支泰語支壯台語支)是壯侗語系侗台語族中的一個語支,即漢藏語系傳統分類中壯侗語族壯傣語支的語言。包括壯語布依語傣語(在中國境內)、泰語老撾語撣語岱依語儂語坎底語阿豪姆語(均不在中國境內)等。說台語的民族統稱台語民族

譜系

以下分類是泰國人張高峰(泰語:พิทยาวัฒน์ พิทยาภรณ์轉寫Bidayaːwȃḍhan̶a̶ Bidayaːbharaṇ̶a̶派汶拼音Pít-tá-yaa-wát Pít-tá-yaa-pɔɔn)在其2009年博士論文中基於比較語言學共同創新給出的分類,排除考慮區域特徵影響,不代表各個口語的實際相似度。張高峰將李方桂壯傣語中支以及邕南壯語左江壯語區分開來,並通過計算認為其為多系群但並不是說中部台語支或壯語南部方言、邕南壯語左江壯語等概念沒有語言學意義。[來源請求]邕北壯語壯語北部方言或壯傣語北支在除去過度方言武鳴壯語(卽標準壯語)後仍為單系群。[1]

艾傑瑞(英語:Jerold Alan Edmondson)2013年的譜系中則給出了更貼近方言學的比較語言學結果,寧明左江壯語被重新歸入中支中的壯語南部方言主體。

原始台語和語音演變

參見侗台語族#原始侗台語侗台語族#語音演變

方言分類

自李方桂先生起的研究完善了壯傣語支的傳統分類模式,很多早期的分類在一定程度上受方言學影響,不一定嚴格符合當代比較語言學識別出的共同創新,但能較好地反應方言間的差異程度。以下是臨高-壯傣語群的的完整列表,另請參見壯語條目和傣語條目來獲得更細緻的方言學分類。

死語

舉例

詞彙 泰語 老撾語 蘭納語 伊善語 撣語 傣仂語 壯語
/lom/ /lóm/ /lom/ /lom/ /lom4/ /lom/ /lɔm2/
/mɯaŋ/ /mɯaŋ/ /mɯaŋ/ /mɯaŋ/ /mɤŋ4/ /mœŋ/ /mɯ:ŋ2/
/din/ /din/ /din/ /din/ /lǐn1/ /din/ /ʔdin1-2/
/fai/ /fái/ /fai/ /fai/ /pʰaj4/ or /fai4/ /fai/ /fɐj2/
心臟 /hŭa tɕai/ /hǔa cài/ /hua tɕai/ /hua tɕai/ /ho1 tsaɯ1/ /hua tɕai/ /tsɐɯ1/
/rák/ /hāk/ /hag/ /hag/ /hak5/ /hag/ /ʔdi:p6/
/náːm/ /nȃm/ /nam/ /nam/ /nam5/ /nam/ /nɐm4/

參考文獻

  1. Pittayaporn, Pittayawat. 2009. The Phonology of Proto-Tai. PhD dissertation. Department of Linguistics, Cornell University.
  • Ostapirat W (2000). "Proto-Kra." In Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area 23(1).

延伸閱讀

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  • Diffloth, Gérard. An Appraisal of Benedict's Views on Austroasiatic and Austro-Thai Relations. Kyoto: Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University, 1976.
  • Đoàn, Thiện Thuật. Tay-Nung Language in the North Vietnam. [Tokyo?]: Instttute [sic] for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa, Tokyo University of Foreign Studies, 1996.
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  • Gedney, William J., Carol J. Compton, and John F. Hartmann. Papers on Tai Languages, Linguistics, and Literatures: In Honor of William J. Gedney on His 77th Birthday. Monograph series on Southeast Asia. [De Kalb]: Northern Illinois University, Center for Southeast Asian Studies, 1992. ISBN 1-877979-16-3
  • Gedney, William J., and Thomas J. Hudak. (1995). William J. Gedney's central Tai dialects: glossaries, texts, and translations. Michigan papers on South and Southeast Asia, no. 43. Ann Arbor, Mich: Center for South and Southeast Asian Studies, University of Michigan ISBN 0-89148-075-7
  • Gedney, William J., and Thomas J. Hudak. William J. Gedney's the Yay Language: Glossary, Texts, and Translations. Michigan papers on South and Southeast Asia, no. 38. Ann Arbor, Mich: Center for South and Southeast Asian Studies, University of Michigan, 1991. ISBN 0-89148-066-8
  • Gedney, William J., and Thomas J. Hudak. William J. Gedney's Southwestern Tai Dialects: Glossaries, Texts and Translations. Michigan papers on South and Southeast Asia, no. 42. [Ann Arbor, Mich.]: Center for South and Southeast Asian Studies, University of Michigan, 1994. ISBN 0-89148-074-9
  • Hudak, Thomas John. William J. Gedney's The Tai Dialect of Lungming: Glossary, Texts, and Translations. Michigan papers on South and Southeast Asia, no. 39. [Ann Arbor]: Center for South and Southeast Asian Studies, University of Michigan, 1991. ISBN 0-89148-067-6
  • Li, Fang-kuei. 1977. Handbook of Comparative Tai. Honolulu, Hawaii: University of Hawai』i Press.
  • Li, Fang-kuei. The Tai Dialect of Lungchow; Texts, Translations, and Glossary. Shanghai: Commercial Press, 1940.
  • Østmoe, Arne. A Germanic-Tai Linguistic Puzzle. Sino-Platonic papers, no. 64. Philadelphia, PA, USA: Dept. of Asian and Middle Eastern Studies, University of Pennsylvania, 1995.
  • Sathāban Sūn Phāsā Qangkrit. Bibliography of Tai Language Studies. [Bangkok]: Indigenous Languages of Thailand Research Project, Central Institute of English Language, Office of State Universities, 1977.
  • Shorto, H. L. Bibliographies of Mon–Khmer and Tai Linguistics. London oriental bibliographies, v. 2. London: Oxford University Press, 1963.
  • Tingsabadh, Kalaya and Arthur S. Abramson. Essays in Tai Linguistics. Bangkok: Chulalongkorn University Press, 2001. ISBN 974-347-222-3

外部連結