| 叶尼塞语系 | |
|---|---|
| 地理分布 | 西伯利亚中叶尼塞河 |
| 谱系学分类 | 世界语系之一
|
| 分支 |
北 (凯特-尤格语族)
南 (阿林-科特语族)
|
| – | |
 | |
叶尼塞语系（Yeniseic 或 Yenisei-Ostyak）是分布在西伯利亚中部叶尼塞河流域的一个语系。
介绍
包括10种语言：
- 凯特语（Ket）(ket)
- 尤格语（Yugh）† (yuu)
- 科特语（Kott）† (zko)
- 阿林语（Arin） † (xrn)
- 阿桑语（Assan） † (xss)
- 旁普科尔语（Pumpokol） † (xpm)
- 雅斯京语（Yastin）†
- 雅林语（Yarin）†
- 拜科特语（Baikot）†
其中的尤格语、旁普科尔语、阿林语和阿桑语早在18世纪消亡，科特语在19世纪末消亡，雅斯京语、雅林语、拜科特语则更早消亡。但是芬兰语言学家Castrén发表了详细的语法和词典。尤格语在1960年代绝种，俄国学者Werner对这种语言进行了深入的研究，发表了词典、语法和传统故事。如今只有凯特语还在使用中，约有1000个左右的老人懂这种语言。
叶尼塞语言的形态变化特别复杂，有前缀、后缀、中缀、元音交替等构词手段。
争议
一些学者认为，中国古代的匈奴、羯等民族和使用叶尼塞语系语言的民族有同源关系。除此之外，Edward Vajda认为叶尼塞语系和汉藏语系同源，为德内-高加索语系一支。另外亦有建议叶尼塞语系可与纳-德内语系合并成为德内-叶尼塞语系或提纳-高加索语系。
相关条目
参考文献
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